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【衛報】意大利法西斯進攻埃塞俄比亞
The Guardian
Thursday 3 October 1935 14.35 BST[/size=2]
https://www.theguardian.com/world/1935/oct/03/secondworldwar.italy[/size=2][/center]
M[/size=6]ussolini's Fascist troops marched into Ethiopia today - and as the war-drums called Emperor Haile Selassie's people to fight, the League of Nations in Geneva was facing its greatest test since it was formed in 1919.
Mussolini has long coveted Ethiopia, the only independent black state to survive the scramble for Africa, which inflicted such a humiliating defeat on Italy at Adowa in 1896, which he is determined to avenge.
Although the Ethiopians are resisting strongly, in spite of being attacked by gas, the real question is whether or not the league has any teeth to counter aggression. Ethiopia has cabled the league, claiming that the first bombs on the country struck a hospital bearing the Red Cross. Neither Britain nor France - the most interested of the world powers - seem anxious to intervene. Between them, they can close the Suez Canal to Italian troopships, but France is treatybound with Italy not to oppose the invasion, and Britain's Foreign Secretary, Sir Samuel Hoare, does not want to alienate Mussolini and drive him into the arms of Hitler. Although many Members of Parliament are pleading for sanctions against Italy, he has made it clear that he will seek a "breathing space" before taking steps.
For millions of Britons who have enjoyed a sweltering summer, events in Ethiopia are little more than a sideshow; the US, impotent because it is outside the League, can do nothing except express outrage. But some observers see ominous overtones as a well-armed European power vents its power against a near-primitive African nation. In every town and village in Italy, 40 million people were ordered to gather to listen to Mussolini defy any move by the League of Nations. "We will answer with our discipline and our abstemiousness and our spirit of sacrifice," he told his captive radio audience.
Thursday 3 October 1935 14.35 BST[/size=2]
M[/size=6]ussolini's Fascist troops marched into Ethiopia today - and as the war-drums called Emperor Haile Selassie's people to fight, the League of Nations in Geneva was facing its greatest test since it was formed in 1919.
Mussolini has long coveted Ethiopia, the only independent black state to survive the scramble for Africa, which inflicted such a humiliating defeat on Italy at Adowa in 1896, which he is determined to avenge.
Although the Ethiopians are resisting strongly, in spite of being attacked by gas, the real question is whether or not the league has any teeth to counter aggression. Ethiopia has cabled the league, claiming that the first bombs on the country struck a hospital bearing the Red Cross. Neither Britain nor France - the most interested of the world powers - seem anxious to intervene. Between them, they can close the Suez Canal to Italian troopships, but France is treatybound with Italy not to oppose the invasion, and Britain's Foreign Secretary, Sir Samuel Hoare, does not want to alienate Mussolini and drive him into the arms of Hitler. Although many Members of Parliament are pleading for sanctions against Italy, he has made it clear that he will seek a "breathing space" before taking steps.
For millions of Britons who have enjoyed a sweltering summer, events in Ethiopia are little more than a sideshow; the US, impotent because it is outside the League, can do nothing except express outrage. But some observers see ominous overtones as a well-armed European power vents its power against a near-primitive African nation. In every town and village in Italy, 40 million people were ordered to gather to listen to Mussolini defy any move by the League of Nations. "We will answer with our discipline and our abstemiousness and our spirit of sacrifice," he told his captive radio audience.
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